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Craigslist

April 5 roundup

by Walter Olson on April 5, 2008

  • Ninth Circuit, Kozinski, J., rules 8-3 that Roommates.com can be found to have violated fair housing law by asking users to sort themselves according to their wish to room with males or other protected groups; the court distinguished the Craigslist cases [L.A. Times, Volokh, Drum]
  • Class-action claim: Apple says its 20-inch iMac displays millions of colors but the true number is a mere 262,144, the others being simulated [WaPo]
  • U.K.: compulsive gambler loses $2 million suit against his bookmakers, who are awarded hefty costs under loser-pays rule [BBC first, second, third, fourth stories]
  • Pittsburgh couple sue Google saying its Street Views invades their privacy by including pics of their house [The Smoking Gun via WSJ law blog]
  • U.S. labor unions keep going to International Labour Organization trying to get current federal ground rules on union organizing declared in violation of international law [PoL]
  • Illinois Supreme Court reverses $2 million jury award to woman who sued her fiance’s parents for not warning her he had AIDS [Chicago Tribune]
  • Italian family “preparing to sue the previous owners of their house for not telling them it was haunted”; perhaps most famous such case was in Nyack, N.Y. [Ananova, Cleverly]
  • Per their hired expert, Kentucky lawyers charged with fen-phen settlement fraud “relied heavily on the advice of famed trial lawyer Stan Chesley in the handling of” the $200 million deal [Lexington Herald-Leader]
  • Actor Hal Holbrook of Mark Twain fame doesn’t think much of those local anti-tobacco ordinances that ban smoking on stage even when needed for dramatic effect [Bruce Ramsey, Seattle Times]
  • Six U.S. cities so far have been caught “shortening the amber cycles below what is allowed by law on intersections equipped with cameras meant to catch red-light runners.” [Left Lane via Virtuous Republic and Asymmetrical Information]

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Craigslist housing ads

by Walter Olson on March 18, 2008

In the Seventh Circuit, at least, discriminatory ads posted by users won’t result in liability for Craigslist (Volokh/Coleman; earlier).

August 10 roundup

by Walter Olson on August 10, 2007

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The Craigslist ad doesn’t mention that the opportunity would involve suing L.A.’s Patina Group over break-time violations. (Eater L.A., Aug. 2).

We’ve extensively covered the various fair-housing complaints against Craiglist (Aug. 10, 2005; Feb. 9, Feb. 20, Mar. 6, Jun. 28, Dec. 1, 2006) for that service’s hosting ads for housing and roommates that fall afoul of non-discrimination laws—it’s technically illegal for a woman to say that she’s looking for another woman to share her apartment with, much less a co-religionist or someone without kids. We somehow missed the Santa Clara and San Diego lawsuits against Roommates.com over the same issue. While a district threw out the case, an appeal went to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, and that was that: the three judges, Kozinski, Reinhardt, and Ikuta, wrote three separate opinions, with two of them deciding that there was enough for a suit to go forward on the grounds that there may be a cause of action under the Fair Housing Act because Roommate.com makes it easier for their users to express discriminatory preferences by using questionnaires that are then translated into searchable advertisements, thus supposedly running outside the Communications Decency Act’s immunity provision by being an “information content provider” because it is “responsible, in whole or in part, for the creation or development of [the] information”:

“By categorizing, channeling and limiting the distribution of users’ profiles, Roommate provides an additional layer of information that it is “responsible” at least “in part” for creating or developing.”

Worse, Judge Kozinski’s opinion issues irrelevant dicta, apparently aimed at a suit not being litigated before him:

Imagine, for example, www.harrassthem.com with the slogan “Don’t Get Mad, Get Even.” A visitor to this Web site would be encouraged to provide private, sensitive and/or defamatory information about others — all to be posted online for a fee.

Kozinski posits that this site—plainly based on dontdatehimgirl.com (Apr. 9 and links therein)—would also flunk the CDA protection. (Cal Law reporter/blogger Brian McDonough notes this passage, but apparently thinks it’s just a joke and thus misses its significance.) The administrators of Autoadmit/xoxohth.com (May 3) might also be concerned about this dicta. (Rebecca Tushnet makes this point independently.)

This substantial narrowing of § 230(c) protections is also bad because it now means that a number of Internet sites that were plainly protected before no longer have unambiguous protection, a problem exacerbated by the lack of a clear majority opinion. Creative lawyering can argue that these websites might be within Fair Housing Counsel‘s fact-driven exception to the CDA exception, and thus get past the motion-to-dismiss stage, forcing defendants into expensive legal proceedings.

Elsewhere on the Internet: Volokh; Eric Goldman; Adam Liptak @ NYT; Slashdot; Laura Quilter; Aaron Perzanowski; Lillian Edwards; The Register. Joe Gratz has purchased harassthem.com.

Volokh separately argues the underlying laws are unconstitutional as applied to roommates.

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Updates

by Walter Olson on December 1, 2006

Recent developments on past stories:

* Remember Shannon Peterson, the Denver condo owner who got sued by a neighbor who complained that she was taking baths too early? (Feb. 27). The case is still dragging on the better part of a year later, a judge having refused so far to throw it out. David Giacalone has the details (Nov. 30).

* Glamourpuss lawsuit-chaser Erin Brockovich, fresh from the humiliating dismissal (Nov. 18) of suits she fronted against California hospitals alleging Medicare overbilling, has been rebuffed in another high-profile case. This time a judge has dismissed twelve lawsuits brought by her law firm of Masry & Vititoe alleging that exposure to oil rigs at Beverly Hills High School caused cancer among students there (Martha Groves and Jessica Garrison, “School oil-rig lawsuits dismissed”, Los Angeles Times, Nov. 23) (via Nordberg who got it from Legal Reader). For more on the case, see Jul. 15 and Nov. 19, 2003, and Mar. 16, 2004. The New Republic has marked the occasion by reprinting its revealing 2003 article on the affair by Eric Umansky. P.S. More from Umansky, who has his own blog, here.

* Reader E.B. writes in to say:

Remember the group of parents (Oct. 23) who threatened litigation over their daughters’ playing time on the girl’s basketball team? The ones who demanded a six-person panel to oversee the selection of the players?

None of the parents’ daughters made the team. And they’re not happy about it. See C.W. Nevius, “Castro Valley hoops coach can’t win”, San Francisco Chronicle, Nov. 30.

* A court has dismissed the action (Aug. 10, 2005; Feb. 9, Feb. 20, Mar. 6, Jun. 28, 2006) by fair housing activists against Craigslist over user ads that expressed improper preferences or mentioned forbidden categories in soliciting tenants, apartment-sharers and so forth. (Anne Broache, “Craigslist wins housing ad dispute”, CNet, Nov. 17). However, blawger David Fish says the court’s reasoning was highly unfavorable to many other Internet companies generally, and may expose them to future liabilities (Nov. 15). Craigslist now has an elaborate page warning users that it is unlawful for them to post preferences, etc. in most situations not involving shared living space. Update: David Fish’s name corrected, apologies for earlier error.

* 3 pm update to the updates from Ted: “An Illinois intermediate appellate court overturned the $27 million verdict in Mikolajczyk v. Ford (which we reported on last year), ordering the lower court to replace the arbitrary jury verdict with a lower arbitrary number. Why the jury’s damage award is considered the product of passion and prejudice, but the same jury’s liability award is kosher, remains unclear. (Steve Patterson, “Court says $27 million crash award too much”, Chicago Sun-Times, Nov. 23).”

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Google, Amazon, AOL and Yahoo are all defending Craigslist in the suit demanding that it censor its housing ads so as to prevent users from requesting “gay Latino sought for roomshare” and the like (Lynne Marek, “Online Peers Stand Up for Craigslist in Lawsuit”, National Law Journal, Jun. 28). Earlier coverage: Aug. 10, 2005; Feb. 9, Feb. 20, Mar. 6, 2006. Craigslist’s defense, by CEO Jim Buckmaster, is here.

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Three years ago California’s notorious Trevor Law Group was found to be mass-mailing demand letters to small businesses alleging violations of the state’s ultra-liberal s. 17200 unfair business practices act, then settling the complaints for cash. A major furor ensued, and the state bar and Attorney General Bill Lockyer made gestures toward reforming the law to prevent law firms from running “shakedown” practices. But did it work? Mike Cernovich notices that a law firm has placed an employment ad on Craigslist seeking “additional counsel” to handle an “expanding workload”. What kind of workload? Well, it’s “primarily in the practice of wage and hour law inclusive of class actions … almost all [of our] cases are settled and are rarely tried.”

That business about settling rather than trying “almost all cases” got Cernovich’s suspicions up, and then he “saw something that made my jaw drop:”

In assessing the nature of the work and return on time spent it is helpful to keep in mind that the burden of proof is always on the employer to establish that he has paid the correct wages. The law requires that the employer keep accurate and timely maintained records that show hours worked and amounts paid. Failure to maintain such records is almost always at the heart of the case ….

Furthermore the employer will be liable for our legal fees if he is unable to defense the case. These two elements [the inability to prove us wrong and threat of attorneys fees] provide our clients with extraordinary leverage to resolve the matter.

Cernovich reads this as amounting to: “we sue employers knowing that it’s unlikely they’ll be able to produce records that will prove us wrong. … In other words, let’s just sue someone, hope he can’t produce any employment records to contradict us, threaten him with attorneys fees, and then settle the case post haste.” Or is he being too suspicious? (Mar. 8). (Updated/corrected shortly after posting to fix a mistake on my part about who placed the Craigslist ad; also retitled next morning.)

More on Trevor Law Group here and here. More on wage and hour law: Mar. 10, Jan. 9 and links from there.

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The federal taxpayer, by way of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, funnels substantial sums to private “fair housing” advocacy groups for purposes of suing landlords, newspapers, and other likely suspects over alleged housing discrimination; raising consciousness among potential claimants and others; and generally promoting expansive readings of housing-bias law. For example, in this listing of $20 million worth of fiscal 2002 grants, HUD boasts of bestowing $242,339 on the Chicago Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Inc. for something called its Private Enforcement Initiative (PEI), described as follows:

While addressing the needs of minorities in the metropolitan Chicago area, the Chicago Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights will increase awareness of fair housing rights; empower victims to report incidents of discrimination; develop credible, legitimate evidence to support discrimination complaints; increase the number of complaints referred to HUD for enforcement; and provide relief to discrimination victims. Utilizing access to pro bono attorneys from Chicago’s most prominent law firms, as well as their resources, the Chicago Lawyers’ Committee will receive, document, and investigate individual complaints of discrimination.

If the Chicago Lawyers’ Committee sounds vaguely familiar, it’s probably because it’s the group that last month filed a widely criticized lawsuit against Craigslist (Feb. 9, Feb. 20) seeking to force the online service to pre-censor users’ postings of roommate and other housing classifieds (rather than just pull them off after complaints, as now).

Even if the Chicago Lawyers’ Committee suit fails in court — as is widely expected — the controversy is likely to continue. In yesterday’s New York Times, Adam Liptak says the activists are likely to push for federal legislation stripping website operators of their current protection against being held liable for users’ postings. (“The Ads Discriminate, but Does the Web?”, Mar. 5). Don’t assume that “fair housing” advocates are powerless on Capitol Hill these days, either: at one set of hearings last week, all the witnesses called (including this one (PDF), quoted in the Times piece) were there to speak up for expansive enforcement of the law, with nary a dissenting word about any possible competing values at stake. More: Maggie’s Farm.

Newspaper defends Craigslist

by Walter Olson on February 20, 2006

Dogs defending cats dept.: Denver’s Rocky Mountain News editorially criticizes the “fair housing” complaint against the online service over allegedly improper rental, roommate and property-sale ads (“Meddlers eye online freedom”, Feb. 19)(see Feb. 9).

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“The Chicago Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law sued San Francisco-based Craigslist, claiming that during a six-month period beginning in July, the site ran more than 100 ads in Chicago that violated the federal Fair Housing Act. The committee, a public interest consortium of the city’s leading law firms, said in a federal suit that those ads discriminated on race, religion, sex, family status or national origin.” Craigslist does not screen ads in advance, although it gives readers a way to flag unlawful or inappropriate content for possible removal. According to the complaint (Chicago Lawyers Committee v. Craigslist, PDF format), some of the rental ads carried such damning indicators of putative bigotry as “Perfect place for city single” (unfair to families of eight!) and “very quiet street opposite church” (trying to screen out atheists, are you?), and many are plainly for roommate shares or other live-in situations. Paging David Bernstein! (Mike Hughlett, “Craigslist sued over housing ad bias”, Chicago Tribune/Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel, Feb. 8)(via Reynolds). Eric Goldman says a similar earlier suit against Roommate.com did not fare well (Feb. 8). For more on the issue of “discrimination” in roommate selection, see Jul. 10-11, 2002; for more on such complaints against Craigslist, see Aug. 10, 2005. (& welcome Instapundit readers).

P.S. As requested, David Bernstein weighs in (Feb. 9), as does Eugene Volokh.

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Roommate preferences, improper mention that a listed property is near churches or synagogues, hints about age or family status: it’s easy to step on a legal land mine when listing your apartment rental. “The Internet is like the Wild, Wild West. People just speak their minds,” tut-tuts D.C. civil rights attorney John Relman (Sarah Lesher, “Online housing ads spur concern over bias”, Washington Times, Aug. 9)(via David Bernstein, who comments). Update: Feb. 9, 2006 (suit filed).


July 10-11 – Convicted, but still on their teaching jobs. How hard is it to fire a bad teacher in New York City? “Daniel LaBianca, chief of outside funding for School District 14 in Brooklyn, pleaded guilty in 1999 to helping private school officials embezzle millions in federal aid for poor children. Three years later, he still holds his New York public school job — and has a $10,000 raise to boot. A Daily News review of the seven cases since 1999 in which the Board of Education filed to terminate tenured school teachers or administrators with criminal convictions found that in every case, the crooks stayed in the school system.” The state education probe requires that attempts to oust educators be sent to arbitration, where the teacher’s union has an impressive record of defending its members against ouster. (Alison Gendar and Bob Port, “Cons in Classroom: Crooked teachers, officials cling to jobs”, New York Daily News, Jun. 26) (& welcome Joanne Jacobs readers; she describes three appalling teacher-ouster cases that she covered years ago). (DURABLE LINK)

July 10-11 – Memo to bar associations: save your P.R. bucks. The new president of the Florida Bar “is asking Florida lawyers to chip in as part of a $750,000 campaign to improve the image of lawyers. He’s even hired a public-relations firm.” Back in 1993 “the American Bar Association tried this same sort of thing …. The ABA paid a consultant $170,000 to improve the image of lawyers. It didn’t do any good then, either.” The way to salvage the profession’s reputation is precisely what the bar associations are not about to do, namely to police the profession’s excesses, writes columnist Howard Troxler. (“Mere PR campaign won’t change public’s low view of lawyers”, St. Petersburg Times, Jul. 8). Read the whole thing, which is full of observations like: “People tell lawyer jokes as a defense mechanism, because a certain percentage of lawyers exist for the sole purpose of finding a new victim from whom to extract money. Every small business owner dreads the lawsuit that will destroy all their efforts.” And see fuller report, Oct. 3. (DURABLE LINK)

July 10-11 – The legal price for roommate discrimination. “Do you have the right to say whom you want for a roommate? In California, you apparently don’t”, notes Eugene Volokh. “On May 7, the California Fair Employment & Housing Commission penalized Melissa DeSantis $500 for inflicting ‘emotional distress’ on a would-be roommate by allegedly telling him that ‘I don’t really like black guys. I try to be fair and all, but they scare me.’ It also required her to pay him $240 in expenses — and take ‘four hours of training on housing discrimination.’” The case is Department of Fair Employment & Housing v. DeSantis (Cal. FEHC May 7, 2002).) Volokh thinks that if the issue were litigated far enough the courts would probably wind up finding there to be a constitutional right to “intimate association” that would protect people like DeSantis from being forced to room with people they didn’t want to room with, but writes, “To my knowledge there’s no caselaw on the matter.” (Volokh brothers blog, Jul. 8). In the reasonably well-publicized “lesbian roommate” case of 1996, however, Ann Hacklander-Ready and another respondent were made to pay several hundred dollars plus thousands of dollars in plaintiff’s attorney fees after deciding that they didn’t want to be co-tenants with a lesbian applicant, in violation of the fair housing laws of Madison, Wisconsin. The case reached the state’s appellate courts (Court of Appeals, Sept. 26, 1996) and the U.S. Supreme Court eventually denied certiorari (Hacklander-Ready v. Wisconsin, 117 S.Ct. 1696 (May 12, 1997)). So it would be natural for the California authorities to assume that, no, there is no remaining individual liberty left in this country to decide with whom one wants to live in a shared tenancy (& see Volokh updates, Jul. 12 -1-, -2-). More: Aug. 10, 2005 and Feb. 9, 2006 (Craigslist) (DURABLE LINK)

July 10-11 – They thought we’d just sue. “The fifth element that made Bin Ladenism possible was the West’s, especially America’s, perceived weakness if not actual cowardice. A joke going round the militant Islamist circles until last year was that the only thing the Americans would do if attacked was to sue the attackers in court. That element no longer exists. The Americans, supported by the largest coalition in history, have shown that they are prepared to use force against their enemies even if that means a long war with no easy victory in sight.” (Amir Taheri, “Bin Laden no longer exists: Here is why”, Arab News, Jul. 9) (via Instapundit, Jul. 7). (DURABLE LINK)

July 3-9 – Now we are three. We launched Overlawyered.com on July 1, 1999, which means we’re now beginning the site’s fourth year of commentary. Tell your friends! (DURABLE LINK)

July 3-9 – Law blogs. While we’re on a week-long hiatus, check out some of these weblogs on law and law-related topics, a category that barely existed a year ago. Aside from InstaPundit and the Volokhii, which if you’re like us you already visit daily or more often, there are the pseudonymous “Max Power” and pioneering Breaching the Web; Rick Klau; Bag and Baggage; Ernie the Attorney; zem; and Held in Contempt. (All the above-mentioned also display an excellent sense of taste by linking to this site). Most have link lists that will lead you to other law blogs and sites. Two others that are deservedly popular: Howard Bashman’s How Appealing and the pseudonymous “Robert Musil“. Not surprisingly, blogs are especially well established in the world of IP law and copyright, with such entries as Yale Law’s LawMeme; Donna Wentworth‘s blog at Corante, and EFF’s wonderfully named Consensus at LawyerPoint. (DURABLE LINK)

July 3-9 – “Tampa Judge Tosses Out Class-Action Suit Against Hog Company”. “A judge dismissed a federal class-action lawsuit against the nation’s largest hog producer, ordering the plaintiffs’ attorneys, including Robert Kennedy Jr., to pay the company’s legal expenses.” (We’ve been covering this case since it was farrowed in late 2000, not excluding Kennedy’s embarrassing public forays into the controversy). Chief U.S. District Judge Elizabeth A. Kovachevich granted Smithfield Foods’ motions to dismiss the case, “saying the plaintiffs did not succeed in establishing how the company’s actions damaged their property. The judge also said the plaintiffs’ attorneys filed ‘frivolous motions,’ and ordered the dozen or so law firms representing the plaintiffs, including Kennedy’s, to pay Smithfield’s legal costs.” Sometimes the system does work as it ought to — happy Fourth of July! (AP/Tampa Bay Online, Jul. 2). (DURABLE LINK)

July 3-9 – Drunk pilots. It’s apparently happened again, this time with an America West flight stopped before taking off at Miami. We covered the legal aftermath the last time around. (DURABLE LINK)

July 1-2 – Going to blazes. Raging wildfires are what you get if you suppress smaller burns and forbid deliberate thinning of forests through logging, but both logging and “controlled burns” out West have run into community opposition and litigation. “The uncertainty caused by [anti-logging] lawsuits has decimated the logging industry in Arizona, and that has contributed heavily to the situation we find ourselves in today,” writes Republican Rep. Jeff Flake of Arizona. “… If we want to save what remains of our forests in Arizona, we’ve got to get a handle on the frivolous lawsuits that prevent us from doing so.” (Rep. Jeff Flake, “Costly lawsuits provide kindling for forest blazes”, Arizona Republic, Jun. 25). In an article promoting the use of controlled burns, the New York Times cites prominent Westerners who seem to feel much as Flake does (“Gov. Jane Dee Hull of Arizona said it was ‘policies from the East Coast’ that kept the Forest Service from pruning overgrown forests. Gov. Judy Martz of Montana said environmental groups ‘played a great role in the fires,’ by blocking some efforts to log trees.”) while also quoting environmentalists who point to a General Accounting Office study which they say proves that they have seldom challenged fuel-reduction projects (Timothy Egan, “Idea of Fighting Fire With Fire Wins Converts”, New York Times, Jun. 30). Update: “Plans to cut fire danger by thinning trees in an Arizona forest now being destroyed by the nation’s largest active wildfire were blocked for three years by a Tucson environmental group, a Tribune investigation has found. The U.S. Forest Service approved a plan to thin trees and remove volatile debris in parts of the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest on the Mogollon Rim in September 1999, according to court records. The plan was halted after the Center for Biological Diversity appealed the decision, then sued in May 2000, claiming the Forest Service had not followed regulations. The matter is still pending in federal court.” Mark Flatten and Dan Nowicki, “Green group lawsuit blocked forest thinning”, East Valley Tribune, Jul. 1). Further update Jul. 12-14: new Forest Service report indicates that fire-prevention projects have been frequently litigated, throwing doubt on the environmentalists’ case. (DURABLE LINK)

July 1-2 – Updates. The other shoe drops on various stories:

* Well, that didn’t last long: “Home Depot Changes Mind, Will Sell to Uncle Sam” reads the headline (AP/Tampa Bay Online, Jun. 28)(see Jun. 17-18).

* Former Minnesota court of appeals judge Roland Amundson has been sentenced to 69 months in prison for stealing more than $300,000 from the trust fund of a mentally retarded client (see Mar. 19) (Minneapolis Star-Tribune, Jun. (via Burt Hanson’s Law and Everything Else, Jun. 8; Hanson argues that the sentence is too stiff).

* Another wrongful birth case for your list: “The family of a child born with a disabling chromosomal defect that went undetected during pregnancy has settled a wrongful-birth lawsuit against the mother’s obstetrician for $1.65 million, according to court papers and attorneys.” Cynthia Fields argued that she would have had an abortion “in the blink of an eye” had she been given an amniocentesis that revealed that her daughter Jade, now 7, would be born severely disabled, requiring round the clock care (Lindy Washburn, “Family of disabled child settles for $1.65M”, NorthJersey.com, May 23). On the crisis in obstetrics law generally, see Rita Rubin, “Fed-up obstetricians look for a way out”, USA Today, Jun. 30. (DURABLE LINK)

July 1-2 – Mississippi’s other disaster. As if the collapse of locally based WorldCom weren’t bad enough, state lawmakers still haven’t done anything about the litigation climate (Tim Lemke, “Best place to sue?”, Washington Times, Jun. 30). But at least Judge Lamar Pickard says his court in Jefferson County has enough out-of-town litigants for now and has told plaintiffs with no local connection to start taking their business elsewhere. (DURABLE LINK)

July 1-2 – Moving to new host. We’re in the process of moving this site to a new host (Verio); we moved our editor’s home site there a couple of weeks ago, as a trial run. It’ll be a little more expensive, but we can afford it thanks to our generous readers whose Amazon Honor System donations (more than $1,000 in all) put the site in the black last year. We expect the new service to be more reliable, especially on email, which had been a chronic problem with our previous service (we had a miserable time trying to get email to AOL users, for example). Thanks for your support! (DURABLE LINK)

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